Group 5

Group :5

Name :

Nur Faizah

Meti Wisma Rini

Nurul Ihsan

Communication Strategies

            The speculative early research of the 1970s (Varadi, 1973 and others) has now led to a great deal of recent attention to communication strategies (Chamot, 2005; Anderson, 2005; McDonough, 1990; Dornyei, 1995; Ross and Rost, 1991; Bialystock, 1990; Bongaerts and poulisse, 1989; oxford and crookall, 1989. Long time ago, Faerch and Kasper (1983a p.36) defined communication strategies as “potentially conscious plans for solving what to an individual presents itself as problem in reaching a particular communicative goal”. Perhaps the best way to understand what is meant by communication is to look at a typical list of such strategies.

Avoidance Strategies

Avoidance is common communication strategy that can be broken down into several subcategories. The most common type of avoidance strategy is syntactic or lexical avoidance within semantic category. According to Dornyei, 1995, p.58 defied avoidance strategy in two parts:

1.      Message abandonment: leaving a message unfinished because of language difficulties.

2.      Topic avoidance : avoiding topic areas or concepts that pose language difficulties.                       

Compensatory Strategies

We will elaborate here on just three of the eleven strategy types in table 5.3; you can take look in the table. Code-switching is the use of a first or third language within a stream of a speech in the second language. Learners in the early stages of acquisition, however, might code-switch use their native language to fill in missing knowledge-whether the hearer knows that native language or not. Sometimes the learners lip in just word or two, in the hope that hearer will get the gist of what is being communicated.