Grup 5

Robby Z Z N

Anindya Iman S

Meilda Lestari

COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

DEFINING COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

The term communicative competence was coined by Dell Hymes (1972, 1967). So Hymes referred to CC as that aspect of our competence that enables us to convey and interpret message and to negotiate meanings interpersonally within specific context.

In the 1970s, linguistic and communicative competence. James Cummins (1980, 1979), cognitive/academic language proficiency (CALP) and basic interpersonal communicative skills (BICS). CALP is that dimension of proficiency in which the learner manipulates or reflects upon the surface features of language outside of the immediate interpersonal context. BICS is the communicative capacity that all children acquire in order to be able to function in daily interpersonal exchanges. Modified of CALP and BICS context-reduced and context-embedded.

In Canale and Swain’s (1983) for different components or subcategories, made up ]the construct of CC. The first to subcategories reflected the use of the language system to define the functional aspects of communication.

• 1.       Grammatical competence is that aspect of CC that encompasses “knowledge of lexical items and of rules of morphology, syntax, sentence-grammar, semantics, and phonology. We associate with mastering the language code of a language.

• 2.      Discourse competence. It is the ability we have to connect sentence in streches of discourse and to form a meaningful whole out of a series of utterances. Discourse simple spoken conversation to lengthy written texts.

• 3.       Sociolinguistic competence is the knowledge of the sociocultural rules of language and of discourse.

• 4.       Strategies competence, a construct that is exceedingly complex. Described strategies competence as “the verbal and non verbal communication strategies that may be called into action to compensate for breakdowns in communication due to perform variable or due to insufficient competence.”

Undergone some other modification of four the years. Lyle Bachman’s (1990) “language competence” is divided by organizational competence and pragmatic competence.